PASSIVE VOICE

PASSIVE VOICE

Penjelasan

Active voice adalah kalimat yang subjek atau pokok kalimatnya melakukan pekerjaan.

Passive voice adalah kalimat yang subjek atau pokok kalimatnya dikenai pekerjaan.

Kalimat yang dapat dipasifkan adalah kalimat yang mempunyai objek.

Dalam passive voice semua kata kerja adalah bentuk ke tiga

Kalimat yang tidak memiliki kata kerja tidak dapat dipasifkan.

Pokok kalimat atau subjek pada kalimat aktif menjadi pelaku atau objek pada kalimat pasif.

Penderita atau objek pada kalimat aktif menjadi objek pada kalimat pasif.

Pola kalimat pasif adalah to be + V3

To be yang mungkin digunakan adalah am, are, is, was, were, be dan been.

Contoh

Present Tense

Rumus : S + To be (am, are, is) + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

He cleans his cycle steadily.

I repair his motorcycle there.

Passive :

His cycle is cleaned by him steadily.

His motorcycle is repaired by me there.

Present Continuous

Rumus : S + To be (am, are, is) + being + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

I am finishing my homework now.

We are planting grass in the school yard.

Passive :

My homework is being finished by me now.

Grass is being planted by us in the school yard.

Present Perfect

Rumus : S + have, has + been + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

I have bought a new dictionary in the shop.

You have done your home work.

Passive :

A new dictionary has been bought by me in the shop.

Your homework has been done by you.

Past Tense

Rumus : S + To be (was, were) + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

I waited you for two hours.

Passive :

You were waited by me for two hours.

Past Continuous

Rumus : S + To be (was, were) + being + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

I was waiting my grand father in his house.

Passive :

My grand father was being waited by me in his house.

Past Perfect

Rumus : S + had + been + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

They had finished their homework before our teacher was angry.

Passive :

Their homework had been finished by them before our teacher was angry.

Future Tense

Rumus : S + shall, will + be + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

I will bid a new motorcycle to my father.

Passive :

A new motorcycle will be bid by me to my father.

Future Perfect

Rumus : S + shall, will + have + been + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

I will have finished my homework by next week.

Passive :

My homework will have been finished by me next week.

Past Future

Rumus : S + should, would + be + V3 + . . . .

Active :

I would give you money the day before.

Passive :

You would be given money by me the day before

Past Future Perfect

Rumus : S + should, would + have + been + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

I would have left her house if he had lent money.

Passive :

Her house would have been left by me if he had lent money.

Modals

Rumus : S + shall, will + be + V3/ed + by + O

Active :

She must iron the dress for the party.

Passive :

The dress must be ironed by her for the party.

Catatan

·        Jika kalimat aktif mempunyai 2 objek (penderita) maka pasifnya boleh dua kali.

Contoh :

I gave him a book.

He is given a book by me.

A book is given to him by me.

She will bring a dictionary to me.

A dictionary will be brought by her to me.

I will be brought by her a dictionary.

·        Terdapat beberapa kata kerja transitif dalam bentuk aktif (A.V) tapi punya pengertian dalam bentuk pasif. (kalimat yang ada hubungannya dengan panca indera)

Those mangoes tastes sour.

The roses smells sweet.

The sun feells hot.

·        WH Question

Pola dasar kalimat pasif bentuk pertanyaan yang menggunakan kata tanya (WH Question) dapat dibuat hanya dengan menambahkan kata tanya pada masing-masing pola tersebut.

When does he write an article?

When is an article written by him?

When is he writing an article?

When is an article being written by him?

·        Bila subjek kalimat pasif tidak ditanyakan maka to be pada kalimat tersebut langsung diikuti kata kerja bentuk ketiga (V3)

What do they do?

What is done by them?

·        Kalimat pasif yang menggunakan impersonal it “impersonal it” digunakan untuk memnuat kalimat pasif dari kalimat aktif yang menggunakan subjek berupa “people, everybody, everyone” dan diikuti oleh that.

A. People say that Indonesia is a developing country.

B. It is said that Indonesia is a developing country.

Atau

Indonesia is said that to be developing country.

·        Gerund

Bentuk gerund yang punya arti pasif.

Kata kerja yang digunakan dalam bentuk ini adalah : need, require, want, dll.

Contoh :

The garden needs watering.

The garden needs to be watered.

The letters requires stamping.

The letters requires to be stamped.