AUXILIARY VERB

AUXILIARY VERB

Kata bantu yang diletakkan di depan kata kerja pokok.

Fungsi

1.     Membentuk kalimat tanya

Am I student ?

Can we go now ?

2.    Membentuk kalimat pasif

I didn’t see her yesterday.

You must not go to their party.

3.    Membentuk akhir tanya sebuah pertanyaan (question tags)

She is studying, isn’t she ?

He has a lot of money, doesn’t he ?

4.    Mewakili lampiran pernyataan secara keseluruhan (Elliptral Sentence)

She likes to swim in the swimming pool and so do I.

Penjelasan

1.     CAN

Untuk menunjukkan kemampuan / ability

Contoh :

He can swim accross the lake.

She can translate english into spanish.

Can you swim accross the lake ?

2.    COULD

Bentuk lampau dari “can”

Contoh :

He could swim when he was young.

I couldn’t go to your house the day before.

Catatan

Could bisa digunakan dalam bentuk present dan menunjukkan bahwa could bentuknya lebih sopan daripada “can”.

Contoh :

Could you lend me your book ?

3.    MAY

Digunakan untuk menyatakan kalimat yang menunjukkan ijin (permission) dan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan (possibility)

Contoh :

It may rain now.

May I go now ?

He may be the new major.

Catatan

Dalam percakapan sehari-hari may sering diganti dengan “can”

May I borrow your dictionary?

Can I borrow your dictionary ?

4.    MIGHT

Bentuk lampau dari may. Digunakan untuk menunjukkan ijin (permission) dan menyatakan kemungkinan/ possibility.

Contoh :

He might take course in writing.

He might go to your office last night.

5.    MUST (harus)

Menunjukkan akan suatu keperluan/ keharusan/ kebulatan hati (Determination).

Contoh :

You must go now.

We must obey our parent.

Catatan :

ë                               Must = Have to

Bentuk lampaunya = had to

She must go home

She had to go home

ë                               Have to / has to

           Bentuknya present

[+] She has to buy car.

[-] She does not have to buy car.

[?] Does she have to buy a car?

6.    OUGHT TO = Should = Seharusnya

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu keinginan (desirability) dan juga kemungkinan yang kuat (strong possibility)

Contoh :

I ought to go to his house.

We ought to not to have wait him there.

We should obey our parents.

Catatan :

Perbedaan ought to dan must

Ought = Seharusnya

Must = harus

7.    Shall = will

Digunakan untuk membentuk future tense

Contoh :

I shall not to go to his birthday party.

I shall open the window.

8.    Should, would = akan

Untuk membentuk past future

Contoh :

She would go to your office yesterday night.

He would sit for hours watching television.

9.    Dare = berani

ë                    Dare sebagai auxiliary adalah untuk menantang

      I dare you to jump over the stream.

ë                    Dare dalam kalimat berita diartikan seperti kata kerja.

      She dare to speak the problem to you.

10.  Need = perlu

He need to leave this room.

11.   Used to = biasa, dahulu

Digunakan untuk menyatakan kebiasaan waktu lampau

Tidak mempunyai bentuk sekarang dan akan datang

Diikuti kata kerja bentuk I tanpa to

Contoh :

They used to be friends.

Catatan

To be + used to = biasanya

Punya bentuk sekarang

Diikuti VI + ing (Gerund)

Contoh :

I am used to drinking coffee.

NB :

Auxiliary verb sangat penting untuk membuat kalimat negatif, questions dan short answer.

Negatif

The girl can put it on the table.

The girl cannot put it on the table.

Catatan :

Bila dalam kalimat yang bersangkutan tidak ada auxiliary verb maka harus diberi tambahan do, does, did tergantung pada kata kerjanya.

Contoh :

(a)  The man cleans the hall everyday.

The man does not clean the hall everyday.

(b) They eat potatoes.

They do not eat potatoes.

(c)  We bought some magazine.

We did not bought some magazine.

Questions

He can play chess.

Can he play chess ?

Short answer

Do you like music ?

Yes, I do

No, I do not.